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Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (abbreviated as COPD) is a common chronic respiratory disease. It is mainly caused by smoking and other reasons that cause airway narrowing or emphysema and other structural changes, resulting in obstruction of respiratory airflow, and feeling of breathing hard or unable to penetrate.It is often accompanied by discomfort such as cough and sputum. People often say "chronic bronchitis" and "emphysema" fall into this category.
Three Major Symptoms
The hallmark symptoms of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease are progressively worsening "cough, sputum, and wheezing."
Causes of COPD
Although the cause of COPD is not clear, it is generally believed to be related to infection, air pollution, long-term smoking (second-hand smoke), genetic factors, environmental (industrial dust) pollution, smoke inhalation.
The dangers of COPD
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is hospitalized with repeated acute exacerbations , and each acute exacerbation is a huge blow to the patient's respiratory function.
The obstruction of the respiratory airflow of COPD will become heavier and heavier, which not only affects the respiratory system, but also affects multiple organs of the whole body such as skeletal muscles and the heart. It develops into pulmonary heart disease, which eventually leads to respiratory failure and systemic organ failure. death.
In the early stage of COPD, patients have no obvious discomfort, so they rarely seek medical treatment, which brings difficulties to diagnosis and prevention. When seeing a doctor with symptoms, the airway is often narrowed and the treatment effect is not good. Therefore, early diagnosis, prevention and treatment have a better effect on disease control.
Who is susceptible to COPD
(1) Smokers are most susceptible to COPD.
(2) In addition, the home is full of kitchen fume and smoke, working in smoke and dust areas for a long time, passive smoking, frequent respiratory infections in childhood, and people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease among parents, brothers and sisters.
Prevention and treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
(1) Doctors cannot completely cure chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. There is no specific medicine, and prevention must be paid more attention. Avoiding smoking is the most effective prevention and treatment measure.
(2)But the doctor can help you relieve asthma, reduce cough, slow down the deterioration of lung function, reduce acute exacerbations and hospitalization, and make your activities and life easier and more pleasant than before.
(3) The earlier the diagnosis, the better the treatment effect. Comprehensive treatment measures must be taken: quit smoking, strengthen nutrition, rehabilitation training, prevent colds, enhance body immunity, and adhere to stable drug treatment.
Long-term management of COPD
At least include the following components:
1. Correct family management education from medical staff
2. Avoid aggravating factors such as smoking, cold, dust and infection
3. Follow the doctor's prescription
4. Use home non-invasive ventilation according to the doctor's prescription
5. Comprehensive management: maintain a good mood, exercise properly, eat a balanced diet, and follow up regularly
6. Long-term home oxygen therapy for more than 15 hours a day is recommended.
small test
(1) Patients with COPD are usually accompanied by shortness of breath, cough, and expectoration. If an adult often coughs, expects sputum, or has shortness of breath, he may already have COPD.
(2) Smokers over the age of 40 should check their lung function once a year.
➤You can try the following quizzes. If you answer "yes" to three or more questions, please consult your doctor if you need a simple lung function test to get an early diagnosis.
✡Do you often cough several times a day?
✡Do you often have sputum?
✡Do you feel short of breath more easily than your peers?
✡Are you over 40 years old?
✡Do you smoke now, or have you ever smoked?
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is a common and frequently-occurring disease in the respiratory system of the elderly. Especially in winter when the climate changes drastically and the temperature drops sharply, it is most likely to recur due to upper respiratory tract infections, causing many inconveniences to the lives of the elderly. Therefore, once diagnosed with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, you must seek medical treatment in time and adopt professional and standardized treatment methods. Patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease insist on daily home oxygen therapy for at least 7-8 hours a day, with a 5-liter oxygen generator as the mainstay, and must be equipped with oxygen concentration detection and temperature detection.
Home oxygen therapy:
How many liters of oxygen generators do patients with COPD need?
Home oxygen therapy requires 3-10 liters of oxygen generators (depending on the condition). According to the relationship between the inhaled oxygen concentration and the flow rate, only 41% of the oxygen in the patient's body can be inhaled by the 5-liter oxygen concentrator. This is the value under ideal conditions. In fact, the oxygen inhaled by the 5-liter machine in patients with COPD is also above 30%. That is, the doctor said that oxygen with a low oxygen concentration of about 30 should be used for discharge. This refers to a 5-liter oxygen generator. Whether the patient uses 3 liters, 5 liters or 10 liters, it depends on the patient’s blood oxygen saturation at 90% above (usually 94% is sufficient) is the goal. For example, patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease who use a 5-liter machine, but the blood oxygen saturation is below 90, use a large-flow oxygen generator above 5 liters. Oxygen therapy time: ranging from 7-8 hours a day to more than ten hours, very serious more than 20 hours.
